masterThe foundation of Japan’s contemporary education system dates back to 1947, with the enactment of the School Education Law. This system follows a 6-3-3-4 structure, consisting of:
- 6 years of elementary school
- 3 years of junior high school
- 3 years of senior high school
- 4 years of university
Aligned with a single-track system, it offers a uniform curriculum across the board. Education in Japan is categorized into preschool, primary/secondary, and higher education.
Preschool Education
Preschool education, though not mandatory, is available at child-care centers or kindergartens for children before they reach school age.
Primary and Secondary Education
Compulsory education in Japan begins with primary and secondary schooling. Children aged 6 years old, starting from April 1st, enter elementary school as first graders, completing 9 years of education—6 years in elementary and 3 years in junior high school.
Upon completion of compulsory education and passing the entrance examination, students can enroll in senior high schools offering 3-year courses, focusing on general education, technical education, or a blend of both. The academic year begins in April, divided into 3 terms with breaks in summer, winter, and spring. Public elementary and junior high schools offer tuition-free education, including textbooks.
Higher Education
Following senior high school, students proceed to higher education, primarily in universities or junior colleges, providing specialized education. University programs typically span 4 years, while junior colleges offer 2-year programs. Additionally, graduate schools offer master’s (2 years) and doctoral (3 years) courses.
Importance of Japanese Education
Japanese education aims to cultivate individuals with a balanced blend of knowledge, morality, and physical well-being. It provides a foundation for lifelong growth and development while nurturing talents to contribute to society. Education instills values of courtesy, self-discipline, and fostering enriching relationships.
Exemplary Practices
Japanese society exemplifies punctuality, cleanliness, and health consciousness. Notable practices include time management, cleanliness and tidiness, prioritizing health, and environmental responsibility through recycling and garbage separation policies.
Scope and Structure of School Health
School health encompasses health education and health management. The Health Room serves nine functions, including traditional roles like treatment, measurement, and rest, alongside newer functions such as counseling, learning, and providing shelter.
A comprehensive school health approach integrates activities and services within schools and communities to promote holistic child development, health, and safety. Its goals include health promotion, disease prevention, and intervention for at-risk students, and supporting those with special health needs.
References
Public Education in Aichi – A Brief Outline, 2016.